Ephesus, located on the western coast of Asia Minor (modern Türkiye), was a city of great importance and magnitude in the ancient Mediterranean. Initially established as an old Greek settlement on the Aegean Ocean, it afterward got to be the capital of Roman government in Asia. The city was a key player in East-West trade exchange, and its Mediterranean harbor was one of the foremost noteworthy for trading items to the antiquated world. The city created around an antiquated hallowed place of the soil goddess Artemis and afterward got to be a key city within the extension of Christianity, from which St. Paul propelled numerous of his missions. The city contains a rich history dating back to 6,000 BC, when the most earliest settlement within the zone was built up. In the time of the Bronze Age, the Greeks settled on the coast of Asia Minor and afterward colonized this area the period of Greek colonization (ca. 700 BC). Ephesus has had a abundant history of being ruled by different vanquishers, counting the Persians and Greeks. The Roman Republic, it held the status of a ‘free’ city, in spite of the fact that it was beneath Roman control. The city was allowed to mint its possess coin and have own consulate. Within the Imperial time, Ephesus got to be the capital of the area of Asia. Augustus’ changes progressed the city’s economy and started a period of peace and success that endured until the third century AD. Ephesus brags of amazing ruins that were built amid the rules of Augustus (r. 27 BC – 14 Advertisement) and his successor Tiberius (r.14-37 Advertisement). Outstandingly, the town-hall (the Prytaneion), a hippodrome stadium, and water passage (aqueduct) lines were built amid this time. It is worth saying that civic improvement proceeded on a terrific scale all through the Pax Romana (a time of success and solidness generally crossing from Augustus to 180 Advertisement). Amid this period, the eminent theater experienced redesigns. Also, the Odeum, which was operate for city council meetings, gatherings and dramatic spectacles, the library of Celsus, bathhouses, and public toilets were built. The Agora, city square in Ephesus, served as the centre of the business, a place to hang out, and watch performers and listen to famous philosophers. It acted as a center for trade exchange that arrived within the city from over across the Empire, especially the Roman East. The commercial center covers an area of 112 square meters and is encompassed on all four sides by a two-story stoa, which probably housed merchant stalls. Its construction started from the reign of Tiberius in approximately 23 AD and was completed about thirty years later. According to dedicatory inscriptions, engravings it appears to have been open for business as early as 43 AD. The market might have been provided by the city’s harbour, which was encompassed by warehouses filled with products that were being dispatched west or arriving from the eastern provinces and past through caravans of merchants. Şirince is a village located in the Seljuk district that is worth visiting. It was settled in 1923 by Turks who relocated from Greece after the Greeks left as a result of the Turkey-Greece Population Exchange. Şirince is known for its viticulture, winemaking, and olive cultivation, and has picked up a touristic identity since the 1990s. The village’s architectural texture is noteworthy, with old Greek houses serving as hostels.
Ephesus Museum
The museum includes the Information Hall at the entrance, the Hall of Fountainб which were found during archaeological discoveries, the Hall of Terrace Houses Findings, old Coins, Inner Garden, Ephesus Through the Ages, Cybele Cult, Hall of Artemis Sanctuary Discoveries, Ephesus Artemis and Imperial Religion Artefacts unearthed from Çukuriçi Mound, the Temple of Artemis (Artemision), the St Jean Church, the fortress on Ayasuluk Hill, Ephesus, the Belevi Tomb. Resting Warrior During the excavations at the Polio Fountain, a young warrior was discovered depicted in a half-lying position. The weight of the statue’s body is supported by the left arm, which is leaning on a rock. The warrior has curly hair attached with a band over the forehead and a calm expression on his face. He is holding a shield in his arm and a sword in his hand. While the left leg is expanded backwards from the knee, the right leg is bent from the knee and expanded forward. The white marble statue of Marcus Aurelius, a Roman Emperor and Stoic philosopher, exhibits fine craftsmanship. The emperor’s forehead wrinkles are fine, and he wears a paludamentum attached to his right shoulder with a fibula. The artifact’s back is left raw. It dates back to the 2nd century AD during the Roman Era. The white marble sculpture of the Head of Eros exhibits fine craftsmanship, but unfortunately, neck is broken. Eros is depicted with a slight inclination to the right, gazing towards the bow he holds. The sculpture portrays an innocent and childlike expression on the face, with wavy hair tied back in the middle. This sculpture is a replica of Lysippos’ ‘Eros stretching the bow,’ created between 330-320 BC. Artemis displays features that are integrated with Kybele, the mother goddess of Anatolia since ancient times. The high polos on her head is in the form of a temple and has three floors. She wears earrings on her ears, a pearl jewelry around her neck, and under her chest. Artemis has a four-piece rosette and a thin belt adorned with bee motifs, which is the symbol of Ephesus, around her waist. Figures such as rams, lions, gryphons, deer and bees are placed in each rectangle.
Source:
muze.gov.tr